ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Determinar el efecto mediador de la motivación a buscar venganza en la relación de la ansiedad y la evitación en el apego con la calidad de vida. METODOLOGÍA: estudio transversal correlacional. La muestra estuvo constituida por 558 personas de 18 a 65 años de la ciudad de Antofagasta, Chile. Fueron utilizados los instrumentos: Cuestionario WHOQoL-Bref; Experiencia en Relaciones Cercanas; y Motivación a buscar venganza. Se realizó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales que consideró efectos directos, indirectos y totales. RESULTADOS: Del total de participantes, 289 (51,8%) fueron hombres. Las edades fluctuaron entre 18 y 65 años (M=39,7; ±13,42). Se encontraron efectos significativos en la relación entre la ansiedad y evitación en el apego en los dominios físico, psicológico y social-relacional de la calidad de vida. La motivación a buscar venganza tiene efecto de mediación total en la relación entre evitación en el apego y el dominio físico, y efecto de mediación parcial de la evitación en el apego sobre el dominio psicológico de la calidad de vida. CONCLUSIÓN: ansiedad y evitación en el apego disminuyen la calidad de vida y la motivación a buscar venganza media parcial o totalmente la relación entre la evitación en el apego sobre los dominios físico y psicológico de la calidad de vida.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the mediating effect of revenge-seeking motivation on the relationship between anxiety and avoidance in attachment and quality of life. METHODOLOGY: cross-sectional correlational study. The sample consisted of 558 people aged 18 to 65 years from the city of Antofagasta, Chile. The following instruments were used: WHOQoL-Bref Questionnaire; Experience in Close Relationships; and Motivation to seek revenge. Structural equation modeling was performed considering direct, indirect and total effects. RESULTS: Of the total number of participants, 289 (51.8%) were male. Ages ranged from 18 to 65 years (M=39.7; ±13.42). Significant effects were found in the relationship between anxiety and avoidance on attachment in the physical, psychological, and social-relational domains of quality of life. Revenge-seeking motivation has full mediation effect on the relationship between attachment avoidance and the physical domain, and partial mediation effect of attachment avoidance on the psychological domain of quality of life. CONCLUSION: Anxiety and attachment avoidance decrease quality of life, and revenge-seeking motivation partially or fully mediates the relationship between attachment avoidance and the physical and psychological domains of quality of life.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Anxiety/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Mental Health , Psychotherapy , Chile , Psychological Well-Being , Men/psychologyABSTRACT
Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre sentido de coherencia y control glucémico en adultos con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: Estudio de tipo transversal desarrollado durante el año 2018 en el cual fueron encuestados 220 diabéticos de tres unidades de Salud de la Secretaría de Salud del Estado de Jalisco en Ciudad Guzmán, México. Se les aplicó el instrumento SOC-13 para sentido de coherencia y el control glucémico se evaluó por medio del nivel de hemoglobina glucosilada que se obtuvo del expediente médico. Los datos se analizaron por medio del análisis de regresión logística. Resultados: Se obtuvieron resultados con un total de 220 participantes en un rango de edad entre 23 y 69 años de los que el 67% presentó control glucémico inadecuado y el 33% control glucémico adecuado; de los encuestados con control glucémico inadecuado el 24% refirió puntuaciones bajas de sentido de coherencia, mientras que el 96% de quienes tienen control glucémico adecuado obtuvo puntuaciones medio/alta de sentido de coherencia. Los análisis de regresión logística arrojan que el sentido de coherencia se asocia significativamente con el control glucémico (OR = 7.2; 95% C.I: 2.0-24.7; p = 0.002) después de ajustar los análisis por diversas variables confusoras como sexo, apego al plan alimenticio, actividad física, ausencia de complicaciones y ausencia de tabaquismo. Conclusión: Los diabéticos con puntuaciones medio/altas de sentido de coherencia tienen hasta 7 veces más probabilidad de tener control glucémico adecuado que diabéticos con puntuaciones bajas de sentido de coherencia independientemente de variables intervinientes.
Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre senso de coerência e controle glicêmico em adultos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: Estudo transversal desenvolvido durante 2018, com 220 diabéticos de três unidades de saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Jalisco na cidade de Guzmán, México. Aplicou-se o instrumento SOC-13 para senso de coerência, e avaliou-se o controle glicêmico por meio do nível de hemoglobina glicosada obtido nos prontuários. Assim, obtiveram-se os dados por análise de regressão logística. Resultados: Os 220 participantes tinham faixa etária de 23 a 69 anos, dos quais 148 (67%) apresentavam controle glicêmico inadequado e 72 (33%) controle glicêmico adequado; 24% dos pesquisados com controle glicêmico inadequado relataram escores baixos para senso de coerência, enquanto 96% daqueles com controle glicêmico adequado obtiveram escores médios/ altos para senso de coerência. As análises de regressão logística mostram que o senso de coerência está significativamente associado ao controle glicêmico (OR=7,2; IC 95%: 2,0-24,7; p=0,002) após ajustar as análises para variáveis de confusão, como sexo, adesão ao plano alimentar, atividade física, ausência de complicações e ausência de tabagismo. Conclusão: Diabéticos, com escores médios/altos de senso de coerência, têm até 7 vezes mais chances de apresentar controle glicêmico adequado do que diabéticos com baixos escores de senso de coerência, independentemente das variáveis intervenientes.
Objective: To evaluate the association between a sense of coherence and glycemic control in adults with type 2 Mellitus Diabetes. Methods: Cross-sectional study, developed during 2018, 220 diabetics from three health units of the Secretaria de Salud del Estado de Jalisco in Ciudad Guzmán, Mexico, the SOC-13 instrument was applied for a sense of coherence, glycemic control was evaluated through the level of glycosylated hemoglobin obtained from the medical record, the data was analyzed through logistic regression analysis. Results: Results were obtained with a total of 220 participants in an age range of 23 to 69 years of which 67% presented inadequate glycemic control and 33% adequate glycemic control; 24% of those surveyed with inadequate glycemic control reported low scores for a sense of coherence, while 96% of those with adequate glycemic control obtained medium/high scores for a sense of coherence. The logistic regression analyzes show that the sense of coherence is significantly associated with glycemic control (OR=7.2; 95% CI: 2.0-24.7; p=0.002) after adjusting the analyzes for various confounding variables such as sex, adherence to eating plan, physical activity, absence of complications and absence of smoking. Conclusion: Diabetics with medium/high scores of coherence sense are up to 7 times more likely to have adequate glycemic control than diabetics with low scores of coherence sense regardless of intervening variables.
Subject(s)
Glycated Hemoglobin , Sense of Coherence , Health Promotion , MetabolismABSTRACT
Introduction. There are no studies that enable to explore the impact that might have the scoring of the importance that children assign to each dimension that encompass the assessment of their quality of life (QoL). Objective. To analyze the influence of the importance assigned by children to the different spheres of their lives when having to assess their quality of life. Material and Methods. Correlational, crosssectional design. The modified KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire was used to evaluate the importance assigned by the child to each dimension. Results. A total of 300 schoolboys and 300 schoolgirls, with an average age of 12 years old, were evaluated. The dimension with the highest score was Peers, and the one with the lowest was Psychological well-being, both in the raw evaluation as in the weighted by importance ranking. In girls, the Physical well-being dimension scored the lowest. The dimensions Parent relations and School environment scored the highest in younger students. In girls, differences were found in the dimension that scored the lowest when they weighted the importance of the dimension; shifting the dimension with the lowest score from Psychological well-being to Physical well-being. Conclusion. There are differences in the perception of quality of life between boys and girls, the types of schools they attend and the different ages, which do not change when being weighted by importance.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Quality of Life , Self Report , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
La escala revisada de restricción (ER) es un instrumento psicométrico para medir restricción alimentaria crónica. Objetivo: Obtener la fiabilidad y estructura factorial de la versión en español de la ER en una muestra de adolescentes. Materiales y método: 838 adolescentes (15,48 años) completaron el instrumento. Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio sobre los puntajes. Resultados: Ambas subescalas de la ER muestran una fiabilidad apropiada, aunque el ítem 9 mostró una homogeneidad corregida pobre (r<0,3). Dos factores correlacionados emergieron del análisis factorial, explicando el 55,76% de la varianza. El análisis confirmatorio develó un ajuste moderado de la estructura bifactorial hipotética. Conclusiones: El instrumento muestra una estructura bifactorial y niveles adecuados de fiabilidad en una muestra de adolescentes.
The revised restraint scale (RS) it is a psychometric instrument for measuring chronic alimentary restraint. Aim: To obtain reliability measures and factorial structure of a Spanish RS version in an adolescent sample. Materials and Methods: 838 adolescents female students (15.48 y.) completed the instrument. An exploratory (i.e. principals components, oblique rotation) and confirmatory factorial analysis was performed over the RS scores. Results: Both RS sub-scales shown appropriate reliability, although item 9 achieved low corrected homogeneity (r<.3). After exploratory factorial analysis two correlated factors (Diet Concern and Weight Fluctuations) emerged, explaining 55.76% of the variance. Confirmatory analyses yielded moderate fit of the hypothetic bifactorial structure. Conclusions: The Spanish RS version shows a bifactorial structure and good reliability levels in adolescent sample.
Subject(s)
Diet/psychology , Adolescent Health , Factor Analysis, StatisticalABSTRACT
Utilizando la Escala WHOQoL-Bref de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la Escala de Estilos de Afrontamiento de Páez et al., se evalúa la relación existente entre el estilo de afrontamiento y la calidad de vida en una muestra de 440 participantes, 220 de las cuales viven con una patología física crónica y son usuarios de Servicios de Atención Primaria en Salud en España y Chile. Se observan diferencias tanto a nivel de calidad de vida como en estilos de afrontamiento, siendo el nivel de la primera superior en España que en Chile y mayor en no crónicos que crónicos, predominando estilos de tipo activo en España y estilos de tipo evitativos en Chile. Existen diferencias culturales en la relación entre Calidad de Vida y afrontamiento, vinculándose los estilos conductuales en Chile a la Calidad de Vida, mientras que en los participantes españoles se relaciona con estilos de tipo cognitivo.
The purpose of this study was report the linked between the quality of life and coping styles in people living with non transmissible chronic diseases. The Spanish version of WHOQoL - Bref and The Coping Styles Questionnaire was applied to 220 participants with chronic diseases and 220 non chronic, patients for primary care on health in Spain and Chile. The results show differences in levels of quality of life being higher in the Spanish and non chronic participants. About the coping styles, in the Chilean sample it prevails the avoidance styles whereas in the Spanish sample the active styles. There is cultural differences in both variables: linked the behavioural coping style to quality of life in the Chilean sample and the avoidance coping styles in the Spanish sample.